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Data Conversion Exammples

for C and C++..

As you learn with C and C++ you can't simply 'cast' an integer to a string or a wchar to a char - you have to 'convert' the data.

In C/C++ you're working with the 'raw' data - bits and bytes - so to do any conversion - you have do it yourself or use one of the numerous libraries.

PART ONE: Decimal Conversions

Decimal To Hexadecimal

Use

_itoa()

function and set radix to 16.

<?php
char hexstring[10]; 
int number = 30;
itoa(number, hexstring, 16);

hexstring[10]; int number = 30; itoa(number, hexstring, 16);

In hexstring is

1e

Hexadecimal To Decimal

a) You can use

strtol

function and specify base:

<?php
char *hexstring = "ABCDEF";
char *p;
int number = strtol(hexstring, &p, 16);

*hexstring = "ABCDEF"; char *p; int number = strtol(hexstring, &p, 16);

b) Or you can use this:

<?php
bool HexToDecimal(char* HexNumber, int& Number)
{ 
    char* pStopString; 
    Number = strtol(HexNumber, &pStopString, 16);
    return (bool)(Number != LONG_MAX);
}

HexToDecimal(char* HexNumber, int& Number) { char* pStopString; Number = strtol(HexNumber, &pStopString, 16); return (bool)(Number != LONG_MAX); }

Decimal to Time

<?php
char *DecToTime(float fTime, char *szTime)
{
    int nHrs, nMin, nSec;	
    fTime *= 3600;
    nHrs = (int)fTime / 3600;
    nMin = (int)(fTime - nHrs * 3600) / 60;
    nSec = (int)(fTime - nHrs * 3600 - nMin * 60);
    wsprintf(szTime, "%02d.%02d.%02d Hrs.Min.Sec.", nHrs, nMin, nSec);
    return szTime;
}

*DecToTime(float fTime, char *szTime) { int nHrs, nMin, nSec; fTime *= 3600; nHrs = (int)fTime / 3600; nMin = (int)(fTime - nHrs * 3600) / 60; nSec = (int)(fTime - nHrs * 3600 - nMin * 60); wsprintf(szTime, "%02d.%02d.%02d Hrs.Min.Sec.", nHrs, nMin, nSec); return szTime; }

PART TWO: String Conversions

String to Hexadecimal

<?php
sscanf(string, "%04X", &your_word16);
// where string = your string and 04 = length of your string and X = hex

f(string, "%04X", &your_word16); // where string = your string and 04 = length of your string and X = hex

Hex to CString

<?php
CString Str;
unsigned char Write_Buff[1];
Write_Buff[0] = 0x01;
Str.Format("0x0%x", Write_Buff[0]);

ng Str; unsigned char Write_Buff[1]; Write_Buff[0] = 0x01; Str.Format("0x0%x", Write_Buff[0]);

COleVariant to CString

<?php
CString strTemp;
COleVariant Var;
Var = "FirstName";
strTemp = Var.bstrVal;
AfxMessageBox(strTemp);

ng strTemp; COleVariant Var; Var = "FirstName"; strTemp = Var.bstrVal; AfxMessageBox(strTemp);

CString to Char Pointer

<?php
a) CString MyString = "ABCDEF";
   char *szMyString = (char *)(LPCTSTR)MyString;

b) char *pBuffer = new char[1024];
   CString strBuf = "Test";
   pBuffer = strBuf.GetBuffer(sizeof(pBuffer));

an>) CString MyString = "ABCDEF"; char *szMyString = (char *)(LPCTSTR)MyString; b) char *pBuffer = new char[1024]; CString strBuf = "Test"; pBuffer = strBuf.GetBuffer(sizeof(pBuffer));

Char Pointer to CString

<?php
char *mystring = "12345";
CString string = mystring;

*mystring = "12345"; CString string = mystring;

Double to CString including the fractional part

<?php
CString strValue, strInt, strDecimal;
int decimal, sign;
double dValue = 4.125;
strValue = _fcvt(dValue, 6, &decimal, &sign);

// Now decimal contains 1 because there is only one digit before the .
strInt = strValue.Left(decimal);      // strInt contains 4
strDecimal = strValue.Mid(decimal);   // strDecimal contains 125

CString strFinalVal;
strFinalVal.Format("%s.%s", strInt, strDecimal);  // strFinalVal contains 4.125

ng strValue, strInt, strDecimal; int decimal, sign; double dValue = 4.125; strValue = _fcvt(dValue, 6, &decimal, &sign); // Now decimal contains 1 because there is only one digit before the . strInt = strValue.Left(decimal); // strInt contains 4 strDecimal = strValue.Mid(decimal); // strDecimal contains 125 CString strFinalVal; strFinalVal.Format("%s.%s", strInt, strDecimal); // strFinalVal contains 4.125

Double To CString

<?php
CString strValue;
int decimal, sign;
double dValue = 123456789101112;
strValue = _ecvt(dValue, 15, &decimal, &sign);

ng strValue; int decimal, sign; double dValue = 123456789101112; strValue = _ecvt(dValue, 15, &decimal, &sign);

CString To Double

<?php
strValue = "121110987654321";
dValue = atof(strValue);

lue = "121110987654321"; dValue = atof(strValue);

CString to LPCSTR

<?php
CString str1 = _T("My String");
int nLen = str1.GetLength();
LPCSTR lpszBuf = str1.GetBuffer(nLen);
// here do something with lpszBuf...........
str1.ReleaseBuffer();

ng str1 = _T("My String"); int nLen = str1.GetLength(); LPCSTR lpszBuf = str1.GetBuffer(nLen); // here do something with lpszBuf........... str1.ReleaseBuffer();

CString to LPSTR

<?php
CString str = _T("My String");
int nLen = str.GetLength();
LPTSTR lpszBuf = str.GetBuffer(nLen);
// here do something with lpszBuf...........
str.ReleaseBuffer();

ng str = _T("My String"); int nLen = str.GetLength(); LPTSTR lpszBuf = str.GetBuffer(nLen); // here do something with lpszBuf........... str.ReleaseBuffer();

CString to WCHAR*

<?php
CString str = "A string here";
LPWSTR lpszW = new WCHAR[255];

LPTSTR lpStr = str.GetBuffer(str.GetLength());
int nLen = MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0, lpStr, -1, NULL, NULL);
MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0, lpStr, -1, lpszW, nLen);
AFunctionUsesWCHAR(lpszW);
delete[] lpszW;

ng str = "A string here"; LPWSTR lpszW = new WCHAR[255]; LPTSTR lpStr = str.GetBuffer(str.GetLength()); int nLen = MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0, lpStr, -1, NULL, NULL); MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0, lpStr, -1, lpszW, nLen); AFunctionUsesWCHAR(lpszW); delete[] lpszW;

LPTSTR to LPWSTR

<?php
int nLen = MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0, lptStr, -1, NULL, NULL);
MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0, lptStr, -1, lpwStr, nLen);

Len = MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0, lptStr, -1, NULL, NULL); MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0, lptStr, -1, lpwStr, nLen);

string to BSTR

<?php
string ss = "Girish";
BSTR _bstr_home = A2BSTR(ss.c_str());

g ss = "Girish"; BSTR _bstr_home = A2BSTR(ss.c_str());

CString to BSTR

<?php
CString str = "whatever";
BSTR resultsString = str.AllocSysString();

ng str = "whatever"; BSTR resultsString = str.AllocSysString();

_bstr_t to CString

<?php
#include <ANSIAPI.H>
#include <comdef.h>
_bstr_t bsText("Hai Bayram");
CString strName;
W2A(bsText, strName.GetBuffer(256), 256);
strName.ReleaseBuffer();
AfxMessageBox(strName);

char szFileName[256];
GetModuleFileName(NULL, szFileName, 256);
AfxMessageBox(szFileName);

n>#include <ANSIAPI.H> #include <comdef.h> _bstr_t bsText("Hai Bayram"); CString strName; W2A(bsText, strName.GetBuffer(256), 256); strName.ReleaseBuffer(); AfxMessageBox(strName); char szFileName[256]; GetModuleFileName(NULL, szFileName, 256); AfxMessageBox(szFileName);

PART THREE: Character Arrays

Char array to integer

<?php
char MyArray[20];
int nValue;
nValue = atoi(MyArray);

MyArray[20]; int nValue; nValue = atoi(MyArray);

Char array to float

<?php
char MyArray[20];
float fValue;
fValue = atof(MyArray);

MyArray[20]; float fValue; fValue = atof(MyArray);

Char Pointer to double

<?php
char *str = " -343.23 "; 
double dVal; 
dVal = atof(str);

*str = " -343.23 "; double dVal; dVal = atof(str);

Char Pointer to integer

<?php
char *str = " -343.23 "; 
int iVal;
iVal = atoi(str);

*str = " -343.23 "; int iVal; iVal = atoi(str);

Char Pointer to long

<?php
char *str = "99999"; 
long lVal; 
lVal = atol(str);

*str = "99999"; long lVal; lVal = atol(str);

Char* to BSTR

<?php
char *p = "whatever";
_bstr_t bstr = p;

*p = "whatever"; _bstr_t bstr = p;

Float to WORD and Vice Versa

<?php
float fVar;
WORD wVar;
fVar = 247.346;
wVar = (WORD)fVar;  // Converting from float to WORD. The value in wVar would be 247

wVar = 247;
fVar = (float)fVar; // Converting from WORD to float. The value in fVar would be 247.00

fVar; WORD wVar; fVar = 247.346; wVar = (WORD)fVar; // Converting from float to WORD. The value in wVar would be 247 wVar = 247; fVar = (float)fVar; // Converting from WORD to float. The value in fVar would be 247.00

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